{"id":27835,"date":"2025-07-08T14:58:14","date_gmt":"2025-07-08T10:58:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/?p=27835"},"modified":"2025-07-08T15:02:44","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T11:02:44","slug":"turk-etnonimi-v%c9%99-tor%c9%99l%c9%99ri-yunus-oguz-yazir-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/?p=27835","title":{"rendered":"\u201cT\u00fcrk\u201d etnonimi v\u0259 t\u00f6r\u0259l\u0259ri – YUNUS O\u011eUZ yaz\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"

YUNUS O\u011eUZ<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u018fvv\u0259lini buradan oxuya bil\u0259rsiniz: https:\/\/mediazona.az\/?p=27778<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu iqtibasa art\u0131q \u015f\u0259rh yoxdur, \u00e7\u00fcnki qad\u0131nlar\u0131n siyasi hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259 rolu XII \u0259srd\u0259 g\u00f6z qaba\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra salnam\u0259\u00e7i yaz\u0131r: “M\u00f6min\u0259 xatun \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddin Eld\u0259nizi \u00f6lk\u0259 s\u0259yah\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t edirdi, d\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259llind\u0259 onun fikri il\u0259 hesabla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar”.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Bir c\u00fcml\u0259 d\u0259 t\u00f6r\u0259nin pozulmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda<\/strong><\/p>\n

O zaman Rey hakiminin q\u0131z\u0131 \u0130nanc xatunun \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 Cahan p\u0259hl\u0259vana, sonra da Q\u0131z\u0131l Arslana \u0259r\u0259 getm\u0259si, onlara qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259dav\u0259t aparmas\u0131, d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259y\u0259 girm\u0259si, xa\u015fxa\u015fil\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259st\u0259k almas\u0131 son n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259\u00a0 Az\u0259rbaycan\u00a0 Atab\u0259yl\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin suqutuna s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. “\u018fr ordu qurar, qad\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t!” M\u00f6min\u0259 xatun d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurdu, \u0130nanc xatun onu da\u011f\u0131td\u0131.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00fc\u00e7 qad\u0131n haqq\u0131nda<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcfl\u0259r olsun ki, islam ehkamlar\u0131 orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 daha da irticala\u015fd\u0131, qad\u0131na ya\u0131n\u0131z u\u015faq d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259tirm\u0259k prizmas\u0131ndan bax\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bu da min ill\u0259rl\u0259 qorunub saxlanan t\u00f6r\u0259l\u0259rin pozulmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xartd\u0131. Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 art\u0131q qad\u0131n c\u0259miyy\u0259tin tamh\u00fcquqlu \u00fczv\u00fc deyildi, siyasi\u00a0 hakimiyy\u0259tin\u00a0h\u0259tta m\u00fczakir\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi. Hakiml\u0259r, \u015fahlar, sultanlar q\u0131z \u00f6vladlar\u0131n\u0131 kiml\u0259rl\u0259s\u0259 qohum olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00a0 bu v\u0259 ya dig\u0259r \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 istifad\u0259 edirdil\u0259r ki, ya \u00f6zl\u0259ri g\u00fccl\u0259nsinl\u0259r, ya da onlar\u0131n arxas\u0131nda hans\u0131sa g\u00fccl\u00fc bir \u015f\u0259xs dayans\u0131n, hakimiyy\u0259tini itirm\u0259sin. Ancaq istisnalar da vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Saray (Sara) xatun<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu xatunun m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yin\u0259 g\u0259linc\u0259, \u00f6nc\u0259d\u0259n qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki,\u00a0 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ilk diplomat qad\u0131n\u0131 Uzun H\u0259s\u0259nin atas\u0131 \u018fli b\u0259yin \u0259misi q\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r, atas\u0131n\u0131n da ad\u0131 Pir\u0259li Bayandurdur.<\/p>\n

Uzun H\u0259s\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn xarici siyas\u0259t m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rini onunla m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259\u015fir, g\u0259r\u0259ksirs\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irir, b\u0259z\u0259n is\u0259 bu “h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259” Saray xatunun t\u0259kidil\u0259 olurdu. Xatun \u00e7ox a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131, m\u0259ntiqli v\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259\u00e7i idi. O xarici \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin diplomatlar\u0131 il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, onlar\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259ri d\u0259 bilm\u0259d\u0259n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 informasiyalar\u0131 t\u0259hlil edib o\u011fluna g\u00f6nd\u0259rirdi. H\u0259m\u00e7inin Teymuri h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 \u018fbu S\u0259id, Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131 Fateh II Mehmet il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar aparmaq v\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin m\u0259nafeyini u\u011furla m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. Onu t\u0259kc\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 Avropada yax\u015f\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131lar. Venesiya respublikas\u0131n\u0131n senat\u0131 A\u011fqoyunlu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259\u015frif buyuran diplomatlara g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015f vermi\u015fdi ki,\u00a0 h\u00f6km\u0259n Saray xatunla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcnl\u0259r v\u0259 ona qiym\u0259tli h\u0259diyy\u0259l\u0259r versinl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Bir diplomat kimi Saray xatunun II Mehmet il\u0259 x\u00fcsusi \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00f6vcud olub. 1461-ci ild\u0259, o II Mehmet aras\u0131nda s\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259sinin ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti var idi v\u0259 bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259 sultan\u0131 A\u011fqoyunlu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 h\u00fccumdan imtinaya m\u0259cbur\u00a0 etdi. M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r qeyd edirl\u0259r ki, sultan v\u0259 xatun bir-birl\u0259rin\u0259 “ana” v\u0259 “o\u011ful” dey\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edirl\u0259rmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Eyni zamanda, iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131nda raz\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u0259lindi ki, Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun\u00a0 Trabzona h\u00fccumu zaman\u0131 A\u011fqoyunlular bit\u0259r\u0259f qalacaq, bel\u0259 d\u0259 oldu. Saray xatun sultan\u0131 Trabzona h\u00fccumdan \u00e7\u0259kindir\u0259 bilmir. H\u0259l\u0259 bu azm\u0131\u015f kimi, o, bu diplomat qad\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 Trabzon y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin 30 g\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00fchasir\u0259sind\u0259n sonra 26 oktyabr 1461-ci ild\u0259 Trabzon f\u0259th olunur. Lakin burada da Saray xatun sakit durmur. O Trabzonun \u0259ld\u0259n getdiyini g\u00f6r\u0259n kimi g\u0259lini D\u0259spin\u0259 xatunun taxta varislik h\u00fcququnu yada sal\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr sultan a\u011fqoyunlularla m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri k\u0259skinl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ona xo\u015f r\u0259ftar g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f, \u00e7oxlu v\u0259 bahal\u0131 h\u0259diyy\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259\u00a0geri qaytarm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Saray xatun Teymuri\u00a0 h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 \u018fbu S\u0259idl\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar aparmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn diplomatik hey\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

A\u011fqoyunlu tarix\u00e7isi \u018fbu B\u0259kr Tehrani yaz\u0131r ki, Saray xatun Qaraqoyunlu Cahan\u015fahla dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar aparmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onun yan\u0131na g\u0259lmi\u015fdir. O R\u00fcst\u0259m T\u0259rxan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259sind\u0259 olmu\u015f v\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259r apararaq q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fdir ki, bu iki d\u00f6vl\u0259tin aras\u0131nda q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r nisb\u0259ti A\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n xeyrin\u0259dir.<\/p>\n

Saray xatun Misir\u0259 d\u0259 getmi\u015f,\u00a0 a\u011fqoyunlularla ittifaq m\u00fcqavil\u0259si ba\u011flay\u0131b, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k siyas\u0259tl\u0259rini daha da ayd\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdi. Onun 1465-ci ild\u0259 v\u0259fat etdiyi g\u00fcman edilir.<\/p>\n

\u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131, T\u0259hmasibin\u00a0bac\u0131s\u0131 P\u0259rixan xan\u0131m<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu xan\u0131m o\u00a0q\u0259d\u0259r a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259ntiqli idi ki, \u00e7ox zaman onun yan\u0131na m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lir, fikirl\u0259rini v\u0259 t\u00f6vsiyy\u0259l\u0259rini dinl\u0259yirdil\u0259r. Onun q\u0259bul ota\u011f\u0131 is\u0259 \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n h\u0259r yerind\u0259n g\u0259tirtdiyi kitablar\u0131n saxland\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 \u00a0kitabxana idi. \u015eah T\u0259hmasib d\u0259 bibisini o q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7ox sevirdi ki, bir an g\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n buraxmaq ist\u0259mirdi. Lakin tale bu xan\u0131m \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ba\u015fqa plan haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u015eirvan\u015fahlarla s\u0259v\u0259fil\u0259rin m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri getdikc\u0259 daha da d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 qohumluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 ke\u00e7irdi. Bel\u0259 ki, 1523-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u015eah \u0130smayil q\u0131z\u0131 P\u0259rixan\u0131 \u015eeyx\u015fah\u0131n o\u011flu Sultan X\u0259lil\u0259 ni\u015fanlad\u0131, \u00f6z\u00fc is\u0259 onun q\u0131z\u0131na evl\u0259ndi. Lakin h\u0259r \u015fey \u00a0sonuncu \u015eirvan\u015fah \u015eahrux ibn F\u0259rrux Yasar\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sil\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdi. Bel\u0259 ki, sonuncu \u015fah\u00a0 Sultan S\u00fcleymana meyill\u0259nm\u0259sini sarayda bilm\u0259y\u0259n yox idi. H\u0259l\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu sultan\u0131 Uzun H\u0259s\u0259nin bac\u0131s\u0131 X\u0259dic\u0259 il\u0259 \u015eeyx Heyd\u0259r evl\u0259n\u0259nd\u0259 h\u00f6kmdar ona m\u00fclk kimi \u015eirvan\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Lakin, ist\u0259r \u015eeyx Heyd\u0259rin, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 o\u011flu \u015eeyx G\u00fcneydin \u015eirvana y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri ugursuz olmu\u015f, h\u0259r ikisi d\u0259 burada \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f v\u0259 \u015eirvanda da d\u0259fn edilmi\u015fdi. P\u0259rixan\u00a0 xan\u0131m hadis\u0259l\u0259rin q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131n xeyrin\u0259 getm\u0259diyini b\u00fct\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 hiss edib \u015eah T\u0259hmasib\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259r g\u00f6nd\u0259rmi\u015f v\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 haz\u0131rl\u0131qlara ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Do\u011frudur, \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l h\u0259l\u0259 \u015fah elan olunmam\u0131\u015fdan \u0259vv\u0259l (1501) Bak\u0131n\u0131 tutmu\u015f, G\u00fcl\u00fcstan qalas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Lakin T\u0259brizd\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259rin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si v\u0259 L\u0259l\u0259si H\u00fcseynin d\u0259 dediyi “s\u0259n\u0259 G\u00fcl\u00fcstan laz\u0131md\u0131r, yoxsa Az\u0259rbaycan” s\u00f6zl\u0259rini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq m\u00fchasir\u0259ni \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015f, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc T\u0259brizd\u0259 \u015fah elan etmi\u015fdir. \u0130ndi S\u0259v\u0259fi xan\u0259dan\u0131 babalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkl\u0259rini geri qaytarmaq v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259la f\u00fcrs\u0259t yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. P\u0259rixan\u0131n birba\u015fa ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259\u00a0 \u0259vv\u0259l Salyanda, sonra \u015eamax\u0131da, daha sonra is\u0259 Sarayda \u00fcsyan v\u0259 \u00e7evrili\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131. P\u0259rixan\u0131n qarda\u015f\u0131 \u015fahzad\u0259 \u018flqas Mirz\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131ya gir\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r sonuncu\u00a0 \u015fah \u015eirvan\u015fah ibn F\u0259rrux Yasar art\u0131q devrilmi\u015fdi. 1538-ci ild\u0259 \u015eirvan\u015fah S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirildi. \u018flqas Mirz\u0259 is\u0259 \u015eirvan\u0131n b\u0259yl\u0259rb\u0259yi t\u0259yin edildi. Eyni hadis\u0259 P\u0259rixan xatunun t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u015e\u0259ki xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259tin\u0259, son (1542) qoyuldu v\u0259 bu xanl\u0131q da q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, bu a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131 qad\u0131n\u0131n sonrak\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc haqq\u0131nda m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 he\u00e7 n\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131r.<\/p>\n

P\u0259rixan xatun (\u015fah T\u0259hmasibin q\u0131z\u0131)<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 bu qad\u0131n atas\u0131ndan sonra hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ls\u0259ydi, daha uzun ill\u0259r S\u0259f\u0259vi xan\u0259danl \u015fahl\u0131qda qalacaq, ist\u0259nil\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259ri \u00f6nl\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259kdi. N\u0259 yaz\u0131qlar ki, yuxar\u0131da qeyd etdiyim kimi, islam d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 art\u0131q qad\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r azalm\u0131\u015f, t\u00f6r\u0259l\u0259r pozulmu\u015fdu. Orta \u0259srl\u0259r islam d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259, h\u0259tta O\u011fuz b\u0259yl\u0259ri t\u00f6r\u0259l\u0259rin deyil, dinin \u0259sirin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdil\u0259r. H\u0259l\u0259 u\u015faql\u0131qdan \u015fah T\u0259hmasib sevimli bac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 verdiyi q\u0131z\u0131na m\u0259ntiqi v\u0259 c\u0259sar\u0259tli fikirl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 idi ki, qad\u0131n cinsind\u0259n olan bir k\u0259s\u0259 divan\u0131n iclaslar\u0131nda i\u015ftirak etm\u0259k h\u00fcququ vermi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

Divan\u0131n iclaslar\u0131na t\u00f6r\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq, t\u00fcrk qaydalar\u0131 il\u0259 geyinib g\u0259l\u0259rdi.<\/p>\n

\u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, bu xatun he\u00e7 zaman islam ehkamlar\u0131na boyun \u0259ym\u0259di, h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131\u00a0\u00a0h\u0259r\u0259mxanada ke\u00e7irm\u0259kl\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259di. 1576-c\u0131\u00a0ild\u0259 (deyil\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 z\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259nmi\u015f) \u015eah T\u0259hmasib d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259nd\u0259 bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck padi\u015fah \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f Heyd\u0259r Mirz\u0259ni m\u0259hz P\u0259rixan xatun devirmi\u015f v\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 atas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n on s\u0259kkiz il alt\u0131 ay Q\u0259hq\u0259h\u0259 qalas\u0131nda saxlan\u0131lan II \u015fah \u0130smay\u0131l\u0131 g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

T\u0259biidir ki, divan\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7d\u0259 iki hiss\u0259si P\u0259rixan xatunun t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259 durmasayd\u0131, \u00e7\u0259rk\u0259z q\u0131z\u0131ndan olan Heyd\u0259r Mirz\u0259nin hakimiyy\u0259ti \u00e7ox uzun \u00e7\u0259k\u0259c\u0259kdi. Lakin P\u0259rixan xatunun fikrinc\u0259, atas\u0131 haqs\u0131zl\u0131q etmi\u015f,\u00a0 ata v\u0259 anadan bir olan \u0130smay\u0131l\u0131 varis t\u0259yin etm\u0259mi\u015fdi. Bu qad\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u00a0 qay\u0259si o idi ki, atadan v\u0259 anadan bir olan\u00a0 v\u0259 \u00a0h\u0259r ikisi t\u00fcrk \u0259silli \u015fahzad\u0259 taxta yiy\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259rdi. Bel\u0259 d\u0259 oldu. \u018frd\u0259bil \u015feyxl\u0259rinin d\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 \u015fah T\u0259hmasibin ikinci o\u011flu ikinci \u00a0\u0130smay\u0131l \u015fah elan olundu. Lakin P\u0259rixan xatunun \u015fahdan g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259ri \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frultmad\u0131. \u0130kinci \u015fah \u0130smay\u0131l uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t Q\u0259hq\u0259h\u0259 qalas\u0131nda saxland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn psixikas\u0131 pozulmu\u015fdu. Taxta yiy\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n kimi b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fahzad\u0259l\u0259rin boynunu vurma\u011f\u0131 \u0259mr etdi. Bundan yaln\u0131z do\u011fma qarda\u015f\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d v\u0259 onun o\u011flanlar\u0131 xilas oldu. On s\u0259kkiz ayl\u0131q hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 h\u0259tta yeni sikk\u0259l\u0259r buraxd\u0131r\u0131b “\u018fli” s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc oradan \u00e7\u0131xartd\u0131. Art\u0131q ba\u015fk\u0259nd Q\u0259zvind\u0259 (\u015fah T\u0259hmasib s\u0259f\u0259vi v\u0259 osmanl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda ilk d\u0259f\u0259 olaraq 1555-ci ild\u0259 s\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259si ba\u011flad\u0131, el\u0259 h\u0259min ild\u0259 paytaxt\u0131 T\u0259brizd\u0259n Q\u0259zvin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrd\u00fc) naraz\u0131l\u0131qlar ba\u015f al\u0131b getdi. P\u0259rixan xatun bunun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almasayd\u0131, \u00a0\u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 ba\u015f\u0131pozuqluq ba\u015f al\u0131b ged\u0259rdi. Bu arada II\u00a0\u015fah \u0130smay\u0131l onu hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259n qad\u0131na da iradlar bildirm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r q\u00fcrurlu olan xatun b\u00fct\u00fcn olanlara d\u00f6z\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi. Qarda\u015f\u0131\u00a0\u00a0n\u00f6vb\u0259ti kef m\u0259clisl\u0259rind\u0259n birind\u0259 q\u0259lyan \u00e7\u0259k\u0259r\u0259k z\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ndi. \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 qar\u0131\u015f\u0131ql\u0131q yaranmas\u0131n dey\u0259\u00a0 P\u0259rixan xatun b\u00f6y\u00fck qarda\u015f\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259di hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tirdi. Lakin onun arvad\u0131, \u015f\u0259r oca\u011f\u0131 say\u0131lan fars \u0259silli Xeyranis\u0259nin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duru\u015f g\u0259tir\u0259 bilm\u0259di. \u018frinin x\u0259st\u0259liyind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edib Xeyranis\u0259 Q\u0259zvind\u0259 v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259lin\u0259 ald\u0131 v\u0259 P\u0259rixan xatunu fiziki c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n aradan qald\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259km\u0259di ki, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0259 aqib\u0259ti faci\u0259vi oldu. Bel\u0259 ki, o\u011fuz b\u0259yl\u0259ri qad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zba\u015f\u0131nal\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6zm\u0259yib \u015faha\u00a0\u00a0onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc haqq\u0131nda f\u0259rman imzalatd\u0131rd\u0131lar, h\u0259m\u00e7inin taxtdan imtina etm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur etdil\u0259r. Bel\u0259likl\u0259 1587-ci ild\u0259 \u015fah M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Xudab\u0259ndi taxtdan imtina etdi v\u0259 o\u011flu \u015fah Abbas ad\u0131 il\u0259 s\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r xan\u0259dan\u0131n\u0131n be\u015finci h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 oldu. Bununla da, P\u0259rixan xatun atas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fah\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bkar oldu. Bundan sonra s\u0259f\u0259vi, av\u015far v\u0259 qacar xan\u0259danlar\u0131nda qad\u0131nlar\u0131n rolu tamamil\u0259 ki\u00e7ilmi\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259mxana idar\u0259\u00e7iliyind\u0259n o yana ke\u00e7m\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Dil\u015fad xatun (\u0130parxan)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nadir \u015fah\u0131n (1747) q\u0259tlind\u0259n sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn imperiyada h\u0259rc-m\u0259rclik yaranm\u0131\u015f, hakiml\u0259r ard-arda \u00f6z d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rini, xanl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131, b\u0259ylikl\u0259rini elan etmi\u015fdil\u0259r. \u018fmir Teymur kimi Nadir \u015fah da \u00c7in\u0259 y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc. N\u0259 yaz\u0131q ki, \u018fmir Teymur \u00f6z \u0259c\u0259li il\u0259\u00a0\u00a0\u00f6ld\u00fc, Nadir \u015fah is\u0259 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirildi. Bundan sonra \u00c7inin d\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi T\u00fcrk\u00fcstan\u0131 I\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259k planlar\u0131 i\u015f\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc v\u0259 1757-ci ild\u0259 bu b\u00f6lg\u0259 \u00c7in t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n I\u015f\u011fal olundu. \u015e\u0259rqi T\u00fcrk\u00fcstanda ya\u015fayan uy\u011furlar d\u00fcz q\u0131rx iki d\u0259f\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qillik u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 elan etdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 ruslar\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 say\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259chizat bax\u0131m\u0131ndan m\u00fcqayis\u0259 edil\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k \u00c7in ordusu m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259n qalib \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u0259rqi T\u00fcrk\u00fcstan\u0131n xanlar\u0131ndan biri olan Cahangir Xoca d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rin birind\u0259 \u015f\u0259hid olduqdan sonra m\u00fcqavim\u0259t dayanmad\u0131, ordunun ba\u015f\u0131na onun h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 Dil\u015fad xatun (\u0130parxan) ke\u00e7di.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rin birind\u0259 (1759) Dil\u015fad xan\u0131m \u0259sir d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u0259k Pekin\u0259 apar\u0131ld\u0131. \u00c7in imperatoru ona evl\u0259nm\u0259k t\u0259klif ets\u0259 d\u0259, \u015fidd\u0259tl\u0259 r\u0259dd edildi v\u0259 intihar\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcn tutdu, baxmayaraq\u00a0 ki, imperator ona azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7oxlu v\u0259dl\u0259r vermi\u015fdi. O \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00e7inli il\u0259 evl\u0259nm\u0259kd\u0259n \u00fcst\u00fcn tutdu v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra “G\u0259linl\u0259rin anas\u0131” ad\u0131 ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ard\u0131\u00a0 var<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u0130QQ\u018fT! \u015eikay\u0259t v\u0259 t\u0259klifl\u0259riniz, g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcz v\u0259 e\u015fitdiyiniz h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumat\u0131 bu n\u00f6mr\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rin:\u00a00 55 4 61 71 21 WHATSAPP\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

YUNUS O\u011eUZ \u018fvv\u0259lini buradan oxuya bil\u0259rsiniz: https:\/\/mediazona.az\/?p=27778 Bu iqtibasa art\u0131q \u015f\u0259rh yoxdur, \u00e7\u00fcnki qad\u0131nlar\u0131n siyasi hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259 rolu XII \u0259srd\u0259 g\u00f6z qaba\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Daha sonra salnam\u0259\u00e7i yaz\u0131r: “M\u00f6min\u0259 xatun \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddin Eld\u0259nizi \u00f6lk\u0259…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":27772,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,24,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dbiyyat","category-manset","category-xbr-xtti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27835"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27837,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27835\/revisions\/27837"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27772"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}