C\u0259nubi Qafqazdan ba\u015flayaraq X\u0259z\u0259r v\u0259 Qara D\u0259nizl\u0259ri boyunca, \u0130til (Volqa) \u00e7ay\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq Dunay \u00e7ay\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r uzanan geni\u015f bir co\u011frafiyan\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u0259sr\u0259 yax\u0131n \u00f6z hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda saxlam\u0131\u015f t\u00fcrksoylu X\u0259z\u0259r imperiyas\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u00fcrk tarixinin n\u00f6vb\u0259ti y\u00fcks\u0259li\u015f v\u0259 inki\u015faf m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birini t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm etdirir. B\u00f6y\u00fck T\u00fcrk ka\u011fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 meydana g\u0259l\u0259n v\u0259 onun davam\u0131 hesab edil\u0259n, G\u00f6y T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin qurucular\u0131 A\u015fina s\u00fclal\u0259sind\u0259n olan ka\u011fanlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n y\u00f6n\u0259ldil\u0259n X\u0259z\u0259r ka\u011fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Orta \u0259srl\u0259rin ilk \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda m\u00f6vcud olmu\u015f \u0259n m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri hesab edilir. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n qurdu\u011fu m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m d\u00f6vl\u0259t bar\u0259d\u0259 y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131na baxmayaraq, bu m\u00f6vzu aliml\u0259r v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131nda h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fcbahis\u0259l\u0259r m\u00f6vzusudur.<\/p>\n
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Tarixd\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin qurdu\u011fu \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r olub, onlar\u0131n insanl\u0131q tarixin\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus t\u0259sirl\u0259ri v\u0259 xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri olub, amma biz onlar\u0131n he\u00e7 birin\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n elmi dair\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n x\u0259z\u0259r tarixin\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259n mara\u011f\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 etmirik. X\u0259z\u0259r tarixinin t\u0259qdiqat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc AB\u015e alimi Norman Qoblun m\u0259\u015fhur \u201cX\u0259z\u0259r t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 biz y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 elmi \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n ad\u0131na rast g\u0259lirik. Bu m\u00f6vzuya m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur aliml\u0259r s\u0131ras\u0131nda V. Sen Marten, V. V. Bartold, Z. Validi Togan, P. K. Kokovtsev, Y. V. Qotye, Y. Nemet, A. Kr\u0131mski, D. Danlop, V. F. Minorski, M. \u0130. Artamonov, Z. B\u00fcnyadov, P. Qolden, S. A. Pletneva, K. A. Bruk, O. Pritsak, L. Qumilyov kimi insanlar\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259k\u0259k\u0259 bil\u0259rik. Bu siyah\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 art\u0131rmaq da olar, lakin d\u00fcnya miqyas\u0131nda m\u0259\u015fhur olan bu adlar i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 ikisi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ayr\u0131ca fikir bildirm\u0259k ist\u0259yir\u0259m. Frans\u0131z alim Sen Martenin v\u0259 x\u00fcsus\u0259n Ukraynal\u0131 alim Aqafangel Kr\u0131mskinin x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ortaya qoydu\u011fu m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r bu m\u00f6vzuya tamamil\u0259 yeni v\u0259 f\u0259rqli bir istiqam\u0259t verdi v\u0259 m\u0259hz onlar\u0131n elmi d\u00f6vriyy\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259tirdikl\u0259ri yeni yana\u015fmalarla x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r m\u00f6vzusu Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259n Herodot zamanlar\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r uzand\u0131.<\/p>\n
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Q\u0259dim d\u00fcnya salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rind\u0259n tutmu\u015f m\u00fcasir d\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sin\u0259 haradan g\u0259ldiyini v\u0259 bu s\u0259hn\u0259d\u0259n n\u0259 zaman v\u0259 hara getdiyini ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131blar. Bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin tarixi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 elmi came\u0259nin yekdil fikr\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bilm\u0259diyi bir \u00e7ox m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r var v\u0259 onlar h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 aliml\u0259rin diqq\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 qalmaqda davam edir. X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin etnik k\u00f6k\u0259ni, dili, imperiyaya daxil olan dig\u0259r xalqlarla olan qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri, yahudi dinini q\u0259bul etm\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r bir \u00e7ox t\u0259dqiqatlarda b\u0259z\u0259n \u00e7ox d\u0259rin ziddiyy\u0259tl\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edir.<\/p>\n
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M\u00fcasir Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n da \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rq hiss\u0259sini \u0259hat\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 \u015eimali Qafqaz \u0259razisind\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olmu\u015f X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r \u0130mperiyas\u0131 v\u0259 onun qurucular\u0131 olan q\u0259dim x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r t\u0259bii olaraq Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n da maraq \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259n he\u00e7 vaxt k\u0259narda qalmay\u0131b. Bu da t\u0259biidir, \u00e7\u00fcnki x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin v\u0259 onlar\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 daxil olan sabir, barsil, bulqar tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin etnogenezinin formala\u015fmas\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 art\u0131q t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131larda he\u00e7 bir \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 do\u011furmur. Sonsuz ehtimallar, f\u0259rqli elmi m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 iddialar m\u00f6vzusu olan x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Elxan Zal Qaraxan\u0131n rus dilind\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u0425\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u201d (\u201cX\u0259z\u0259r m\u0259kan\u0131\u201d) adl\u0131 t\u0259dqiqat \u0259s\u0259ri d\u0259 bu problemin d\u0259rk edilm\u0259sin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u00f6hf\u0259 ver\u0259c\u0259k \u00e7ox d\u0259y\u0259rli bir elmi ara\u015fd\u0131rma i\u015fidir.<\/p>\n
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Elxan Zal x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259dqqiqatlar\u0131na ba\u015flayandan b\u0259ri biz onunla bu m\u00f6vzuda d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 geni\u015f polemikalar aparm\u0131\u015f\u0131q, \u0259s\u0259rin dili v\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rma istiqam\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 fikir m\u00fcbadil\u0259si etmi\u015fik. Bu t\u0259maslar zaman\u0131 Elxan m\u00fc\u0259llim m\u0259n\u0259 bildirmi\u015fdi ki, o \u0259slind\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 b\u0259dii \u0259s\u0259r yazmaq ist\u0259yirdi, lakin bu m\u00f6vzuya dair materiallar y\u0131\u011fark\u0259n, x\u00fcsus\u0259n \u201cEtrusklarla\u201d ba\u011fl\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar aparark\u0259n \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rd\u0259n bel\u0259 q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fdi ki, x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 \u00fcmum\u0259n t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131 tarixind\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259sna rol oynay\u0131blar v\u0259 onlar\u0131n bu rolu bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fcnya t\u00fcrkologiyas\u0131nda, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259r\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131qda son s\u00f6z h\u0259l\u0259 deyilm\u0259yib. Elxan m\u00fc\u0259llimin bu fikri x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin tarixin\u0259 maraq g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n bir \u015f\u0259xs kimi m\u0259nim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 olduqca d\u0259y\u0259rlidir v\u0259 m\u0259n bu fikri tamamil\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yir\u0259m. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 Elxan m\u00fc\u0259llimin \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyi materiallarla tan\u0131\u015f olduqdan sonra m\u0259n d\u0259 bel\u0259 q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldim ki, bu m\u00f6vzuda b\u0259dii \u0259s\u0259r yazmaqdansa sanball\u0131 bir ara\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259s\u0259rinin ortaya qoyulmas\u0131 ist\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan tarixind\u0259, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00fcnya x\u0259z\u0259r\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yeni bir s\u0259hif\u0259nin, yeni bir c\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. M\u0259n ona bu m\u00f6vzuda \u0259limd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n h\u0259r c\u00fcr d\u0259st\u0259yi g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259ciyimi bildirdim v\u0259 \u00e7ox \u015fadam ki, Elxan m\u00fc\u0259llim elmi bax\u0131mdan \u00e7ox ki\u00e7ik bir zaman k\u0259siyind\u0259 bel\u0259 sanball\u0131 bir ara\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259s\u0259rini \u0259rs\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259tirdi.
\nElxan Zal\u0131n \u201cX\u0259z\u0259r m\u0259kan\u0131\u201d \u0259s\u0259rini d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan v\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr edil\u0259n \u0259ks\u0259r \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259ndir\u0259n \u0259sas c\u0259h\u0259ti odur ki, o \u00f6z ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131nda V. de Sen Marten, B. Nibur, K. Neman, N. Veselovski, K. Patkanov, A. Kr\u0131mski kimi \u00fcnl\u00fc elm adamlar\u0131n\u0131n x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131na dayanaraq x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanla ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b.e-n\u0131n ilk \u0259srl\u0259rind\u0259 deyil, Herodot zamanlar\u0131nda v\u0259 daha \u00f6nc\u0259ki d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 aray\u0131r. Yuxar\u0131da adlar\u0131n\u0131 sadalad\u0131\u011f\u0131m aliml\u0259rin, x\u00fcsus\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycanla ba\u011fl\u0131 bir \u00e7ox elmi \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259llifi, b\u00f6y\u00fck Ukrayna \u015f\u0259rqi\u015f\u00fcnas\u0131 Aqafangel Kr\u0131mskinin x\u0259z\u0259r m\u00f6vzusuna bax\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas \u00f6z\u0259lliyi odur ki, onlar Herodotun \u201cTarix\u201d kitab\u0131nda adlar\u0131 ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0130skit tayfalar\u0131 katiarlar\u0131 (kaziarlar\u0131) v\u0259 barsill\u0259ri (basill\u0259ri) x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin v\u0259 barsill\u0259rin \u0259cdadlar\u0131 hesab edirl\u0259r. A. Kr\u0131mski \u201cX\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin tarixi\u201d monoqrafiyas\u0131nda Herodotun t\u0259svir etdiyi katiarlar\u0131n v\u0259 basill\u0259rin X\u0259z\u0259r \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131 yaradan x\u0259z\u0259r v\u0259 barsill\u0259rin \u0259cdadlar\u0131 olmaqla yana\u015f\u0131, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn elmi trendinin \u0259ksin\u0259 olaraq, onlar\u0131n iran \u0259silli deyil, t\u00fcrk \u0259silli oiduqlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcfl\u0259r olsun ki, bu b\u00f6y\u00fck alim 1941-ci ild\u0259 Stalin rejimi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirildi v\u0259 onun x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rinin uzun zaman elmi \u0259d\u0259biyyatda (D. Danlop, O. Pritsak) ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kils\u0259 d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tapmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyildi. Yaln\u0131z 2008-ci ild\u0259 A. Kr\u0131mskinin \u0259s\u0259ri \u201cXazar\u0131\u201d d\u0259rgisind\u0259 ukrayna dilind\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr edildi v\u0259 bel\u0259likl\u0259 m\u00fcasir t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox d\u0259y\u0259rli bir elmi m\u0259nb\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Z\u0259nnimc\u0259, Elxan Zal\u0131n \u201cX\u0259z\u0259r m\u0259kan\u0131\u201d \u0259s\u0259rini A. Kr\u0131mskinin \u201cX\u0259z\u0259r tarixi\u201dnin bir n\u00f6v davam\u0131 da hesab etm\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n
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T\u00fcrk tarixin\u0259 bir \u00e7ox f\u0259rqli aspektl\u0259rd\u0259n \u2013 tarix, co\u011frafiya, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t, poeziya v\u0259 linqvistik aspektl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus original yana\u015fmalar\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131nan Elxan Zal bu \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 bir s\u0131ra c\u0259sar\u0259tli elmi m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 d\u0259rin m\u0259ntiqi t\u0259hlill\u0259ri il\u0259 diqq\u0259ti c\u0259lb edir. Elxan Zal x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6z m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259rini b\u0259zi tarix\u00e7il\u0259r kimi f\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda t\u0259qdim etmir. O Homer, Ktesiy, Herodot, Strabon, Ptolomey, Plutarx, Diodor, Pliniy, Dionisiy kimi q\u0259dim d\u00fcnya salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rinin yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda q\u0259dim x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ehtimal edil\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn ilkin m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r, ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259n faktlar\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rmaqla m\u00fcqayis\u0259l\u0259r apar\u0131r v\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r oxucunu da m\u0259ntiqi q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259 s\u00f6vq edir. \u0130skit tayfalar\u0131na aid olunan X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r hunlar\u0131n, saklar\u0131n, sabirl\u0259rin-savromat-sarmatlar\u0131n da tarixi dislokasiyalar\u0131, Qara D\u0259niz v\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi h\u00f6vz\u0259sind\u0259, \u015e\u0259rqi Avropa \u2013 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya areal\u0131nda tarixi yerd\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri geni\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli t\u0259hlil\u0259 c\u0259lb olunur.<\/p>\n
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\u018fs\u0259rd\u0259ki maraql\u0131 epizodlardan biri d\u0259 Ktesiy v\u0259 Herodotun Midiya il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 n\u0259ql etdikl\u0259ri bir-biri il\u0259 uzla\u015fmayan tarixi hadis\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fcqayis\u0259sidir. M\u00fc\u0259llif sad\u0259c\u0259 m\u0259tnl\u0259ri m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etmir, m\u0259tnl\u0259rd\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunmu\u015f m\u00fcxt\u0259lif terminl\u0259rin, etnoniml\u0259rin, toponiml\u0259rin, hidroniml\u0259rin linqvistik \u2013 fonetik m\u00fcqayis\u0259sini apar\u0131r, fiziki-co\u011frafi koordinatlar\u0131 d\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fdirir, h\u0259min tarixi d\u00f6vrl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xarakterik olan siyasi t\u0259sisatlar\u0131n iyerarxiyas\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r, ox\u015far v\u0259 f\u0259rqli, b\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259 eynilik t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n elementl\u0259ri ay\u0131rd edir. \u0130skitl\u0259rl\u0259 g\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259rin v\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 dig\u0259r q\u00f6vml\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan etnogenezinin formala\u015fmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya qoyur v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan toponiminin \u201cAtropatkan\u201d, \u201cAtropatetena\u201d kimi t\u0259hrif olunmu\u015f adlardan deyil, q\u0259dim Avesta dilind\u0259ki \u201cXazarvayja\u201d (X\u0259z\u0259r m\u0259kan\u0131) terminind\u0259n yaranmas\u0131 m\u00fclahiz\u0259sini ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
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V. Radlov, M. Artamonov, \u0130. Dyakonov, Belyavskiy, L.Qumilyov v\u0259 s. kimi g\u00f6rk\u0259mli yeni d\u00f6vr t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259dim x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r haq\u0131nda g\u0259ldikl\u0259ri n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri saf-\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck ed\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259llif yana\u015fmalardak\u0131 ziddiy\u0259tl\u0259ri a\u015fkar edir v\u0259 konkret tarixi hadis\u0259l\u0259rin \u015f\u0259rhi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6z m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259rini ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
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X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin tarixin\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 istinad\u0259n yox, daha d\u0259rind\u0259n etno-genetik m\u00fcst\u0259vid\u0259 baxan m\u00fc\u0259llif \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra z\u0259ngin irs saxlam\u0131\u015f etrusk, iskit, t\u00fcrk, monqol tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n tarixin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edir. \u00c7\u00fcnki x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin bilavasit\u0259 bu m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 olmas\u0131 onda he\u00e7 bir \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 do\u011furmur. K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri sivilizasiyalar\u0131n ya\u015fam t\u0259rzi, t\u0259\u015fkilatlanma prosesl\u0259ri, ilkin d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik elementl\u0259rini ay\u0131rd etm\u0259k, idar\u0259\u00e7ilik iyerarxiyalar\u0131n\u0131n ox\u015far v\u0259 f\u0259rqli c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259rini \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xarmaqla Elxan Zal bir-birinin davam\u0131 olan q\u0259dim k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri sivilizasiyalar\u0131n r\u0259ngar\u0259ng mozaikas\u0131nda x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin yerini v\u0259 rolunu d\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Q\u0259dim tayfalar\u0131n 3 pill\u0259li idar\u0259\u00e7ilik sisteminin daha sonra 4 pill\u0259li d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259\u00e7iliyi sistemin\u0259 t\u0259kam\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 bu prosesl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif soylu tayfalar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259sir mexanizml\u0259rini ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259llif q\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin 12 tayfa ittifaq\u0131ndan ibar\u0259t idar\u0259\u00e7ilik sistemini t\u0259hlil edir v\u0259 etrusklarda, iskitl\u0259rd\u0259, g\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin eyni prinsipl\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda strukturla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 eyni prinsipl\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapm\u0131\u015f tayfa ittifaqlar\u0131na malik oldu\u011funu diqq\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zin\u0259 g\u0259tirir.<\/p>\n
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M\u00fc\u0259llif bel\u0259 hesab edir ki, bu qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259sir t\u0259kc\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 qurulu\u015flar\u0131ndak\u0131 ox\u015farl\u0131qla m\u0259hdudla\u015fm\u0131r, eyni zamanda tayfalar\u0131n dini inanclara meyll\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapir. Tarixd\u0259n biz\u0259 m\u0259lumdur ki, x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r dini inanclar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lifliyi il\u0259 se\u00e7ilirdil\u0259r. Xristianl\u0131q, islam, iudaizm, \u015faman\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259 tanr\u0131\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin v\u0259 onlar\u0131n qurduqlar\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259td\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fan dig\u0259r xalqlar\u0131n sitayi\u015f etdikl\u0259ri m\u00fcxt\u0259lif dinl\u0259r olub. X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u018fr\u0259b xilaf\u0259ti il\u0259 g\u0259rgin m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 olmas\u0131 is\u0259 bu m\u00f6vzuda yazan bir \u00e7ox m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n IX \u0259sr\u0259 do\u011fru onlar\u0131n daha \u00e7ox iudaizm\u0259 meyll\u0259nm\u0259sinin s\u0259b\u0259bi kimi g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. Bizim eradan \u0259vv\u0259l Midiyada uzun zaman k\u0259siyind\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t qurmu\u015f X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259, h\u0259min \u0259razid\u0259 ya\u015fayan q\u0259dim y\u0259hudil\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rini t\u0259hlil ed\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259llif, t\u00fcrksoylu x\u0259z\u0259r tayfas\u0131n\u0131n elitas\u0131n\u0131n \u201cy\u0259hudil\u0259\u015fm\u0259sini\u201d q\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin imperiya dini olan tanr\u0131\u00e7\u0131l\u0131qla q\u0259dim yahudi tayfalar\u0131 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n h\u0259zr\u0259ti Musadan g\u0259l\u0259n dini inanclar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131nda d\u0259rin ke\u00e7mi\u015f\u0259 dir\u0259n\u0259n ba\u011flar\u0131n olmas\u0131 il\u0259 izah edir. Bildiyimiz kimi, yahudil\u0259r xristianl\u0131qda v\u0259 \u0130slamda oldu\u011fu kimi \u00f6z dinl\u0259rini ba\u015fqa xalqlar aras\u0131nda yaym\u0131rlar, iudaizmin ehkamlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 yaln\u0131z etnik yahudil\u0259r bu din\u0259 sitayi\u015f ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu bax\u0131mdan tarixd\u0259 yaln\u0131z birc\u0259 presendent var ki, t\u00fcrksoylu x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r yahudi dinini q\u0259bul edibl\u0259r v\u0259 bu prosesd\u0259 yahudi din xadiml\u0259ri-xaxam v\u0259 ravvinl\u0259r d\u0259 f\u0259al i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131 olublar. Bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259n b\u0259ri onlarla, b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259dqiqat \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri yaz\u0131l\u0131b, amma h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 iudaizmin x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 yekdil fikir yoxdur. \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, X\u0259z\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259ti tarixinin d\u00fcnya aliml\u0259rind\u0259 bel\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck maraq do\u011furmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri \u00e7oxdur. Z\u0259nnimc\u0259, \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 onlar\u0131n \u015fanl\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015fi il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin elitas\u0131n\u0131n bir \u0259sr\u0259 yax\u0131n m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 y\u0259hudi dinin\u0259 etiqad etm\u0259si olub. M\u00fcasir \u0130srail tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri aras\u0131nda da bu fikri d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r var. \u00d6z\u00fcnd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l bir \u00e7ox \u00fcnl\u00fc elm adamlar\u0131n\u0131n bu m\u00f6vzu il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n sitatlar g\u0259tir\u0259n Elxan Zal, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 ortaya yeni m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r qoyur v\u0259 bu m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259ri tarixi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259sasland\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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\u018fs\u0259rd\u0259 diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n maraql\u0131 m\u0259qamlardan biri d\u0259 ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, \u00e7ox t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lardan f\u0259rqli olaraq Elxan Zal \u00f6z axtar\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda tarixin daha d\u0259rin qatlar\u0131na en\u0259 bilir v\u0259 q\u0259dim x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin identikliyini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fark\u0259n h\u0259tta Avesta v\u0259 Bibliya m\u0259tnl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259kd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kinmir. Q\u0259dim sivilizasiyalar tarixinin bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc elm\u0259 m\u0259lum olan \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n \u0259ld\u0259 olunmu\u015f m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 bir araya g\u0259tirm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259l\u0259r apar\u0131r v\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi v\u0259 sonrak\u0131 diferensiasiya v\u0259 inteqrasiya prosesl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn yeni elmi m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259rini ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, m\u00fc\u0259llif \u00e7ox \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc analitik t\u0259hlilin v\u0259 tarixi d\u0259rkin komparativ m\u0259ntiqi il\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sind\u0259ki yeri v\u0259 rolu il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 tarix elmi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni hesab oluna bil\u0259c\u0259k n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 nail olur.
\n\u018fs\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z co\u011frafiyan\u0131n v\u0259 etnogenezimizin formala\u015fmas\u0131 tarixi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 maraq do\u011furan t\u0259hlill\u0259r \u00e7oxdur v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r c\u0259lbedicidir. Burada t\u0259qdim edil\u0259n X\u0259z\u0259r-S\u0259lcuq, X\u0259z\u0259r-Macar \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 f\u0259sill\u0259r d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck maraq do\u011furur. Onlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 q\u0131sa h\u0259cmli bir yaz\u0131da \u015f\u0259rh etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil v\u0259 bel\u0259 bir m\u0259qs\u0259dim d\u0259 yoxdur. Sad\u0259c\u0259 oxuculara bildirm\u0259k ist\u0259yir\u0259m ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00fcks\u0259k elmi m\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq kitab t\u0259kc\u0259 elmi t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yox, daha geni\u015f oxucu k\u00fctl\u0259si t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n rahatl\u0131qla \u201cbirn\u0259f\u0259s\u0259\u201d oxuna bil\u0259c\u0259k bir dild\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131b. \u018fs\u0259rin ilkin n\u0259\u015frinin rusca yaz\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259n biri is\u0259 onun dig\u0259r dill\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259si zaman\u0131 laz\u0131ms\u0131z \u00e7\u0259tinlinlikl\u0259rl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmamaq z\u0259rur\u0259tind\u0259n ir\u0259li g\u0259lib. \u018fmin\u0259m ki, h\u0259r bir oxucu bu kitab\u0131 m\u00fctali\u0259 etm\u0259kd\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck z\u00f6vq alacaq v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llifin f\u0259dakar \u0259m\u0259yini y\u00fcks\u0259k qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n
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Cavan\u015fir Feyziyev<\/strong> D\u0130QQ\u018fT! \u015eikay\u0259t v\u0259 t\u0259klifl\u0259riniz, g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcz v\u0259 e\u015fitdiyiniz h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumat\u0131 bu n\u00f6mr\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rin:\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a00 55 4 61 71 21 WHATSAPP<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u0259nubi Qafqazdan ba\u015flayaraq X\u0259z\u0259r v\u0259 Qara D\u0259nizl\u0259ri boyunca, \u0130til (Volqa) \u00e7ay\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq Dunay \u00e7ay\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r uzanan geni\u015f bir co\u011frafiyan\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u0259sr\u0259 yax\u0131n \u00f6z hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda saxlam\u0131\u015f t\u00fcrksoylu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25007,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25006","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-manset","category-xbr-xtti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25006","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25006"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25006\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25011,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25006\/revisions\/25011"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/25007"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25006"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25006"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mediazona.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25006"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nMill\u0259t v\u0259kili, F\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru<\/strong><\/p>\n